Contact: [email protected]

About this site: Some of you remember Squashed Philosophers, a website that provided abridged versions of philosophical texts throughout history. I was looking back at the ideas of Baruch Spinoza recently and decided to use this site to help me get started, only to discover it was gone. That is the motivation for this website.

The site belonged to Glyn Hughes and he gave permission to copy all of the content on the site for non-commercial use.

Screenshot of text from sqapo.com quote Copyright is waived so that anyone anywhere (who hasn't been told not to) may reproduce these pages for any non-commercial purpose, subject to their acknowledging the source as 'Squashed Philosophers'. There is no need to ask for permission. Take care when quoting from texts in the SqaPo pages - these are deep abridgements, the originals may be significantly different.

I have copied all of the abridged versions of philosophical texts from his site to this one, and he is cited as the author on each one. I may express views and opinions of this site that are my own, and do not reflect the views of Glyn Hughes.

Philosophy is often difficult because it's written in an ancient language and then translated semi-literally, and on top of that, philosophers often redefine what words mean because they invent concepts that don't exist in any language. Please use this site to help you overcome these challenges in order to understand what these men were trying to say so you can engage with them thoughtfully and possibly get A's in class.

Glyn (or Glyn's estate), if you're out there, and you would like to get in touch with me or to submit a takedown request, simply e-mail me at the address above.

If you want to report a mistake in the site, request a new philosopher and/or text be added, submit a new philosopher and/or text, or have a general question, you may e-mail me at the address above.

Some content on this site is public domain, or reproduced from other authors with permission or under fair use.  All other content belongs to Philosophy Academy © 2025 - 2025 by the Mad Philosopher and is licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0